焦化发电机组作为焦化行业能源回收利用的关键设备，其运行依赖于焦化生产过程中产生的可燃气体，这些气体既是工业生产的副产品，也是清洁高效的能源，通过发电机组转化为电能，实现了 “变废为宝” 的循环经济模式。了解其原料特性与应用方式，对优化发电机组运行效率、降低能源消耗具有重要意义。

　　As a key equipment for energy recovery and utilization in the coking industry, the operation of coking power generation units relies on the combustible gases generated during the coking production process. These gases are not only by-products of industrial production, but also clean and efficient energy. By converting them into electrical energy through power generation units, the circular economy model of "turning waste into treasure" is achieved. Understanding its raw material characteristics and application methods is of great significance for optimizing the operating efficiency of power generation units and reducing energy consumption.

　　焦炉煤气是焦化发电机组最核心的原料。在炼焦过程中，煤炭在高温无氧环境下干馏，会产生大量混合气体，即焦炉煤气，其主要成分为氢气、甲烷，还含有少量一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氮气等。焦炉煤气具有较高的热值，燃烧后能释放大量热能，驱动发电机组的内燃机或燃气轮机运转。过去，部分焦化企业将焦炉煤气直接点燃放空，不仅浪费能源，还因燃烧不充分排放一氧化碳、苯系物等污染物。如今，焦炉煤气经净化处理（去除焦油、萘、硫化氢等杂质）后送入发电机组，每立方米焦炉煤气可发电约一定千瓦时，一套中等规模的焦化发电机组，年发电量可达数千万千瓦时，能满足焦化厂约一定比例的生产用电需求。

　　Coke oven gas is the most essential raw material for coking power generation units. In the coking process, coal carbonization under high temperature and oxygen free environment will produce a large amount of mixed gas, namely coke oven gas, which is mainly composed of hydrogen, methane, and a small amount of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. Coke oven gas has a high calorific value and can release a large amount of heat energy after combustion, driving the internal combustion engine or gas turbine of the generator set to operate. In the past, some coking enterprises directly ignited and vented coke oven gas, which not only wasted energy but also emitted pollutants such as carbon monoxide and benzene derivatives due to insufficient combustion. Nowadays, after purification treatment (removing impurities such as tar, naphthalene, hydrogen sulfide, etc.), coke oven gas is sent to power generation units. Each cubic meter of coke oven gas can generate about a certain kilowatt hour of electricity. A medium-sized coking power generation unit can generate tens of millions of kilowatt hours of electricity annually, which can meet a certain proportion of the production electricity demand of coking plants.

　　高炉煤气在特定焦化联合企业中可作为辅助原料。部分焦化企业与钢铁厂配套建设，钢铁生产中高炉炼铁产生的高炉煤气（主要成分为一氧化碳）可与焦炉煤气混合使用，调节燃气热值。高炉煤气热值较低，单独作为燃料时发电效率不高，但与焦炉煤气按一定比例混合，可将混合气体热值稳定在适宜范围，既提高高炉煤气的利用率，又降低对焦炉煤气的单一依赖。这种混合供气模式需通过专用的气体混合装置，确保两种气体均匀混合，避免因热值波动影响发电机组的稳定运行，尤其适合钢铁 - 焦化联合企业的能源综合利用。

　　Blast furnace gas can be used as an auxiliary raw material in specific coking joint ventures. Some coking enterprises are built in conjunction with steel plants, and the blast furnace gas (mainly composed of carbon monoxide) produced by blast furnace ironmaking in steel production can be mixed with coke oven gas to adjust the calorific value of the gas. The calorific value of blast furnace gas is relatively low, and its power generation efficiency is not high when used alone as fuel. However, when mixed with coke oven gas in a certain proportion, the calorific value of the mixed gas can be stabilized within a suitable range, which not only improves the utilization rate of blast furnace gas but also reduces the dependence on coke oven gas alone. This mixed gas supply mode requires a dedicated gas mixing device to ensure uniform mixing of the two gases, avoiding the impact of fluctuations in calorific value on the stable operation of the generator set, especially suitable for the comprehensive energy utilization of steel coking joint enterprises.

　　甲醇驰放气是焦化产业链延伸中的特色原料。焦化厂常配套建设甲醇生产装置，利用焦炉煤气中的氢气、一氧化碳合成甲醇，生产过程中会产生甲醇驰放气（主要成分为氢气、甲烷、未反应的一氧化碳），其热值与焦炉煤气接近，可直接作为发电机组的补充燃料。甲醇驰放气的回收利用，既减少了合成甲醇过程中的气体排放，又为发电机组提供了稳定的原料来源，形成 “焦炉煤气制甲醇 - 驰放气发电” 的闭环产业链。例如，某焦化企业的甲醇装置每小时产生一定量驰放气，引入发电机组后，每年可额外发电约一定千瓦时，进一步提升能源利用效率。

　　Methanol purge gas is a characteristic raw material in the extension of the coking industry chain. Coking plants often install methanol production facilities to synthesize methanol from hydrogen and carbon monoxide in coke oven gas. During the production process, methanol release gas (mainly composed of hydrogen, methane, and unreacted carbon monoxide) is produced, which has a calorific value similar to coke oven gas and can be directly used as supplementary fuel for power generation units. The recycling and utilization of methanol release gas not only reduces gas emissions during the synthesis of methanol, but also provides a stable source of raw materials for power generation units, forming a closed-loop industrial chain of "coke oven gas to methanol - release gas power generation". For example, the methanol unit of a certain coking enterprise produces a certain amount of exhaust gas per hour. After introducing the generator set, an additional kilowatt hour of electricity can be generated each year, further improving energy utilization efficiency.

　　原料气的净化处理是保障发电机组稳定运行的前提。焦炉煤气中含有的焦油、萘等杂质，若直接进入发电机组，会附着在发动机活塞、阀门等部件上，导致设备磨损、故障频发；硫化氢则会腐蚀管道和发动机，燃烧后生成的二氧化硫还会污染环境。因此，原料气需经过一系列净化工艺：脱硫装置将硫化氢浓度降至一定标准以下；脱萘装置通过冷却或吸附去除萘（萘在低温下易结晶堵塞管道）；电捕焦油器则分离煤气中的焦油雾滴，确保气体清洁度。净化后的原料气需进行加压，以满足发电机组的进气压力要求，同时通过脱水处理防止水分凝结影响燃烧效率。

　　The purification treatment of raw gas is a prerequisite for ensuring the stable operation of power generation units. If impurities such as tar and naphthalene contained in coke oven gas directly enter the generator set, they will adhere to engine pistons, valves and other components, causing equipment wear and frequent malfunctions; Hydrogen sulfide can corrode pipelines and engines, and the sulfur dioxide generated after combustion can also pollute the environment. Therefore, the raw gas needs to undergo a series of purification processes: the desulfurization device reduces the concentration of hydrogen sulfide to below a certain standard; The naphthalene removal device removes naphthalene through cooling or adsorption (naphthalene is prone to crystallization and blockage of pipelines at low temperatures); The electric tar catcher separates tar droplets from the gas to ensure gas cleanliness. The purified raw gas needs to be pressurized to meet the inlet pressure requirements of the generator set, while dehydration treatment is used to prevent water condensation from affecting combustion efficiency.

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