在焦化生产过程中，会产生大量的副产煤气，焦化发电机组正是利用这些煤气进行发电的设备，既能实现能源的回收利用，又能为生产提供电力支持，在节能减排和资源循环利用中发挥着重要作用。根据燃料特性、机组结构及应用场景的不同，焦化发电机组可分为多个类型，各自具备独特的性能和适用范围。

　　In the coking production process, a large amount of by-product gas is generated. Coking power generation units are the equipment that uses this gas for power generation. They can not only achieve energy recovery and utilization, but also provide power support for production, playing an important role in energy conservation, emission reduction, and resource recycling. According to different fuel characteristics, unit structures, and application scenarios, coking power generation units can be divided into multiple types, each with unique performance and applicability.

　　燃气内燃机发电机组是焦化行业中较为常见的一种。它以焦化产生的煤气为燃料，通过内燃机的燃烧过程将化学能转化为机械能，再由发电机将机械能转化为电能。这类机组的优势在于启动速度快，能在短时间内达到额定发电功率，对于焦化厂内需要快速响应的用电需求较为适用。同时，其对煤气的净化要求相对较低，即使煤气中含有少量杂质，经过简单过滤处理后即可使用，适应性较强。此外，燃气内燃机发电机组的热效率较高，通常能达到 35% - 40%，能有效将煤气中的能量转化为电能，减少能源浪费。不过，其单机容量相对较小，一般在数百千瓦到数兆瓦之间，更适合中小型焦化厂或作为辅助电源使用。

　　Gas internal combustion engine generator set is a common type in the coking industry. It uses coal gas produced by coking as fuel, converts chemical energy into mechanical energy through the combustion process of an internal combustion engine, and then converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through a generator. The advantage of this type of unit is its fast start-up speed, which can reach the rated power generation in a short period of time. It is more suitable for the electricity demand that needs to be quickly responded to in coking plants. At the same time, its requirements for gas purification are relatively low. Even if the gas contains a small amount of impurities, it can be used after simple filtration treatment and has strong adaptability. In addition, the thermal efficiency of gas internal combustion engine generator sets is relatively high, usually reaching 35% -40%, which can effectively convert the energy in gas into electrical energy and reduce energy waste. However, its single unit capacity is relatively small, generally ranging from several hundred kilowatts to several megawatts, making it more suitable for small and medium-sized coking plants or as an auxiliary power source.

　　燃气轮机发电机组在大型焦化企业中应用较多。它通过燃气轮机直接驱动发电机发电，工作时，焦化煤气与空气混合后在燃烧室燃烧，产生高温高压气体推动燃气轮机旋转，进而带动发电机运转。与燃气内燃机发电机组相比，燃气轮机发电机组的单机容量更大，可达到数十兆瓦，能满足大型焦化厂的高用电需求。其运行速度快，负荷调节能力强，能根据电网负荷的变化快速调整发电量，保障电力系统的稳定。但燃气轮机对煤气的纯度和压力要求较高，需要对煤气进行深度净化处理，去除其中的硫化物、焦油等杂质，否则容易造成轮机叶片磨损或堵塞，影响机组的使用寿命和运行效率。

　　Gas turbine generator sets are widely used in large coking enterprises. It directly drives the generator to generate electricity through a gas turbine. During operation, coking gas is mixed with air and burned in the combustion chamber, producing high-temperature and high-pressure gas to drive the gas turbine to rotate, thereby driving the generator to operate. Compared with gas internal combustion engine generator sets, gas turbine generator sets have a larger single unit capacity, reaching tens of megawatts, which can meet the high electricity demand of large coking plants. It has fast operating speed and strong load regulation capability, and can quickly adjust the power generation according to changes in grid load, ensuring the stability of the power system. However, gas turbines require high purity and pressure of the gas, and require deep purification treatment of the gas to remove impurities such as sulfides and tar. Otherwise, it is easy to cause wear or blockage of the turbine blades, affecting the service life and operating efficiency of the unit.

　　蒸汽轮机发电机组则是通过间接利用焦化煤气的能量进行发电。首先，将焦化煤气在锅炉中燃烧，产生高温高压蒸汽，然后利用蒸汽推动蒸汽轮机旋转，带动发电机发电。这种机组的优势在于能源利用形式灵活，除了利用焦化煤气，还可结合焦化生产中的余热资源，如焦炭冷却过程中产生的热量，提高整体能源利用效率。蒸汽轮机发电机组的单机容量也较大，且运行稳定、可靠性高，适合作为焦化厂的主力发电机组。不过，其启动过程较慢，从启动到达到额定功率往往需要数小时，难以应对突发的用电高峰，且系统结构相对复杂，需要锅炉、蒸汽管道等辅助设备，占地面积较大，建设和维护成本也相对较高。

　　Steam turbine generator sets generate electricity indirectly by utilizing the energy of coking gas. Firstly, coking gas is burned in a boiler to produce high-temperature and high-pressure steam, which is then used to drive the steam turbine to rotate and generate electricity for the generator. The advantage of this type of unit lies in its flexible energy utilization. In addition to utilizing coking gas, it can also combine waste heat resources from coking production, such as the heat generated during coke cooling, to improve overall energy utilization efficiency. The single unit capacity of steam turbine generator set is also relatively large, and it operates stably and has high reliability, making it suitable as the main generator set for coking plants. However, its start-up process is slow, often taking several hours from start-up to reaching rated power, making it difficult to cope with sudden power peaks. The system structure is relatively complex, requiring auxiliary equipment such as boilers and steam pipelines, occupying a large area, and the construction and maintenance costs are also relatively high.

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