焦化发电机组是焦化行业实现能源回收利用的关键设备，主要利用生产过程中产生的可燃气体和余热资源进行发电，常见类型可按能源利用方式分为燃气驱动型、余热利用型及综合回收型，各类机组在技术特点和应用场景上各有不同。

　　Coking power generation units are key equipment for energy recovery and utilization in the coking industry. They mainly use combustible gases and waste heat resources generated during the production process to generate electricity. Common types can be divided into gas driven, waste heat utilization, and comprehensive recovery types according to energy utilization methods. Each type of unit has different technical characteristics and application scenarios.

　　燃气驱动型发电机组以焦化生产中产生的焦炉煤气为核心燃料。焦炉煤气是焦炭炼制时伴随产生的可燃性气体，含有大量氢气和甲烷，经脱硫、脱萘等净化处理后，可作为内燃机或燃气轮机的燃料。其工作时，净化后的煤气与空气按比例混合，在燃烧室中燃烧产生动力，直接驱动发电机运转产生电能。这类机组的发电效率通常在 35% 左右，单台功率可根据煤气产量调整，从数百千瓦到数兆瓦不等。由于焦炉煤气属于生产副产品，用其发电能显著降低燃料成本，同时减少直接排放带来的污染，适合焦炉煤气产量稳定的大中型焦化厂区。

　　Gas driven generator sets use coke oven gas produced in coking production as the core fuel. Coke oven gas is a combustible gas produced during coke refining, containing a large amount of hydrogen and methane. After purification treatment such as desulfurization and naphthalene removal, it can be used as fuel for internal combustion engines or gas turbines. When it works, the purified gas is mixed with air in proportion and burned in the combustion chamber to generate power, directly driving the generator to operate and produce electrical energy. The power generation efficiency of such units is usually around 35%, and the power of a single unit can be adjusted according to the gas production, ranging from several hundred kilowatts to several megawatts. Due to the fact that coke oven gas is a byproduct of production, using it for power generation can significantly reduce fuel costs and reduce pollution caused by direct emissions, making it suitable for large and medium-sized coking plants with stable coke oven gas production.

　　余热利用型发电机组专注于回收生产过程中的余热资源。焦化生产中，焦炉烟道气、红焦冷却系统及荒煤气等会释放大量热能，这些余热通过余热锅炉转化为高压蒸汽，再驱动汽轮机带动发电机发电。根据余热温度不同，设备配置有所区别：针对 300℃以上的高温烟道气，多采用过热蒸汽系统，发电效率可达 20%；中低温余热（150-300℃）则适用饱和蒸汽系统，虽效率稍低，但能适应更广泛的余热来源。这类机组无需额外消耗燃料，运行成本低，且能减少热污染，常作为辅助发电设备，与燃气发电机组配合使用，提升整体能源利用率。

　　The waste heat utilization type generator set focuses on recovering waste heat resources during the production process. In coking production, a large amount of heat energy is released from coke oven flue gas, red coke cooling system, and raw coal gas. This waste heat is converted into high-pressure steam through a waste heat boiler, which then drives a steam turbine to generate electricity. According to different waste heat temperatures, equipment configurations vary: for high-temperature flue gas above 300 ℃, superheated steam systems are often used, with a power generation efficiency of up to 20%; Low to medium temperature waste heat (150-300 ℃) is suitable for saturated steam systems, although the efficiency is slightly lower, it can adapt to a wider range of waste heat sources. This type of unit does not require additional fuel consumption, has low operating costs, and can reduce thermal pollution. It is often used as an auxiliary power generation equipment in conjunction with gas generators to improve overall energy utilization efficiency.

　　综合回收型发电机组是结合了燃气发电和余热利用的复合系统。其典型流程为：焦炉煤气先进入燃气轮机发电，燃气轮机排出的高温废气（约 500℃）被引入余热锅炉，产生的蒸汽推动汽轮机再次发电，形成 “燃气 - 蒸汽联合循环”。这种组合方式能将能源利用效率提升至 45% 以上，大幅高于单一机组。同时，系统还可回收发电过程中产生的余热用于厂区供暖或生产用水加热，实现能源梯级利用。综合回收型机组适合对能源利用效率要求高的大型焦化企业，尤其在进行节能改造时，能最大限度发挥能源回收潜力。

　　A comprehensive recycling generator set is a composite system that combines gas-fired power generation and waste heat utilization. The typical process is as follows: coke oven gas first enters the gas turbine for power generation, and the high-temperature exhaust gas (about 500 ℃) discharged from the gas turbine is introduced into the waste heat boiler. The generated steam drives the turbine to generate electricity again, forming a "gas steam combined cycle". This combination method can increase energy utilization efficiency to over 45%, significantly higher than a single unit. At the same time, the system can also recover the waste heat generated during the power generation process for heating the factory area or heating the production water, achieving energy cascade utilization. The comprehensive recycling unit is suitable for large coking enterprises with high energy utilization efficiency requirements, especially when carrying out energy-saving renovations, which can maximize the potential of energy recovery.

　　此外，还有针对特定场景的小型发电机组，如利用焦化污水处理过程中产生的沼气发电的小型内燃机机组。这类机组功率通常在几十至两百千瓦，可就近为污水处理设备供电，形成 “废物 - 能源 - 生产” 的循环模式，适合中小型焦化厂的环保配套环节。

　　In addition, there are small generator sets designed for specific scenarios, such as small internal combustion engine units that use biogas generated during coking wastewater treatment to generate electricity. This type of unit typically has a power of tens to 200 kilowatts and can supply power to nearby sewage treatment equipment, forming a "waste energy production" cycle mode, suitable for environmental protection supporting links in small and medium-sized coking plants.

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